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This groundbreaking biography, now in paperback, continues the story begun in Young Trudeau, taking Canada's legendary Prime Minister from his pro-fascist youth all the way to his entry into federal politics as a crusading Liberal democrat.
When he went to Harvard in 1944, Pierre Trudeau was twenty-five, a recent graduate of the University of Montreal Law School; true to his elite Catholic-French education, he had been till recently pro-fascist, and he disliked democracy. Years of graduate study at Harvard, then the Sorbonne, then the London School of Economics exposed him to new ideas, as did his hitchhiking travels around the world. Returned to Quebec as a new man, he engaged in educating workers and other jobs that made him a famous defender of federal democracy. He entered Parliament in 1965, within three years of rocketing, Obama-like, to the very top.
- Sales Rank: #4255615 in Books
- Brand: Nemni, Max/ Nemni, Monique/ Tombs, George (TRN)
- Published on: 2013-01-08
- Released on: 2013-01-08
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 8.98" h x 1.22" w x 6.01" l, 1.20 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 544 pages
Review
Praise for Young Trudeau: 1919-1944
"I was extremely shocked." -- Lysiane Gagnon, Globe and Mail
"Stunning... The book offers a counterpoint to Mr. Trudeau's image as the federalist bulwark of liberal values." -- Globe and Mail
"Mesmerizing fun to read.... The Nemnis' book is one of the truly great contributions to Canadian political history." -- National Post
About the Author
MAX and MONIQUE NEMNI are former university professors who in the 1990s acted as editors of the famous magazine Cité libre that was founded by intellectuals including Trudeau. When they asked their friend if they could write an "intellectual biography" of him, he agreed, and granted them access to his papers. Although the husband and wife team are bilingual and live in Toronto, they write in French.The translation is provided by GEORGE TOMBS, a well-regarded translator based in Montreal.
Excerpt. © Reprinted by permission. All rights reserved.
IN SEARCH OF THE STATESMAN
For Canadians, the adoption of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms in 1982 marks the birth of modern-day Canada.
—jean-françois lisée
La Presse, June 30, 2010
WHAT, ANOTHER BOOK ON TRUDEAU?
Haven’t there been enough already – and maybe even a few too many? What can we offer that is really new? The answer can be summed up in a few words: we are directing a ray of light on one particular aspect of his character. Instead of the usual wide-beam searchlight, covering long periods of Trudeau’s life in their many dimensions, we propose a more focused study, both of the period and of the perspective. We believe this will help to get a clearer view of a man still regarded as an enigma.
Trudeau the chameleon, many people believe, will always be an enigma. Indeed, journalists, biographers, and many Canadians have been and continue to be intrigued and puzzled by Trudeau. A witty comment about him conjures up the peculiar state of confusion writers find themselves in when they set out to describe him: “Someone is going to say some day, ‘Will the real Mr. Trudeau please stand up,’ and about fifty-eight people will rise.”1 Quoted first by his biographer George Radwanksi in 1978, this comment has often been repeated, as if to highlight the contradictory aspects of the man or to suggest some elusive quality that makes it practically impossible to figure him out.
We have been associated with Pierre Elliott Trudeau for nearly twenty years, first as friends over a decade, then for another ten years buried in his personal papers and publications: we could make similar comments, although we would interpret his many facets differently. Indeed, we could have written several different biographies of Trudeau.
We could have written a biography of Trudeau-the-athlete. Anecdotes abound on the subject. For example, we could have described the many canoe expeditions he undertook, starting at a young age, travelling up to a thousand miles in a single journey. He was an avid skier who leapt at the chance to hit the mountain trails; in his younger years, he won several medals for his prowess on skis, and he was still skiing in powder shortly before his death in 2000. He was fascinated by all manner of water sports: swimming, diving, water skiing, scuba diving – and he excelled in every one. He knew how to fly a plane and could fly solo; he loved zooming up hill and down dale on his famous Harley-Davidson; he hiked hundreds of kilometres on foot and climbed mountains. Trudeau could do vertical headstands and horizontal handstands, as photographs in several biographies attest. Once he became prime minister, frisky as ever in his fifties, he could easily shake off admirers and journalists alike by bounding up the steps in the Parliament Buildings four at a time. We could give many other examples.
Long-time friend Peter Green provides a less well known anecdote. When Trudeau was prime minister, he sometimes vacationed with his family at the Green home in Jamaica, a constable of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police always coming along for security reasons. One day Green brought a horse to the beach so the children could have fun riding. “Pierre asked the Mountie to give a demonstration for the boys. The poor guy had probably not ridden for years and stumbled around the beach on the long-suffering horse. Pierre, without saying a word, got on the horse bareback – in his swimming shorts – and gave a short demonstration of control and superb riding technique, much to the embarrassment of the Mountie.”
We could have told many other juicy anecdotes along these lines, without exhausting all the sports at which Trudeau excelled. By the end of this biography of Trudeau-the-athlete, readers would likely conclude that he could have mastered these athletic feats only by devoting all his waking hours to sports and fitness. Obviously he could never have found time for serious business, so the real Trudeau must have been Trudeau-the- athlete, and his purportedly vast knowledge was only a thin veneer.
But we could just as easily have written a biography of Trudeau-the scholar- with-a-passion-for-culture. An insatiable reader, he devoured novels, works of history and political philosophy, as well as poetry. He was endowed with a phenomenal memory, knew several opera librettos by heart, and could declaim whole poems impromptu, in French and English. He did the rounds of museums, theatres, concerts, and exhibitions.
The people he met were often startled by his encyclopaedic knowledge, as the following example illustrates. He had only just become prime minister in 1968, when he was invited along with a host of celebrities to a party in New York thrown by the artists Joyce Wieland and Michael Snow, her husband. Trudeau was evidently in his element and seemed up to date on all the latest news of the New York cultural scene, from art-house movies to avant-garde dance and jazz. When Michael Snow introduced Milford Graves to him as “the greatest jazz drummer,” Trudeau instantly responded, to the amazement of his admiring audience, “And what do you make of Max Roach?”
We could give many more examples highlighting his impressive knowledge of painting, sculpture, music, architecture, literature, and philosophy. And after reading these anecdotes about Trudeau-the-scholar- with-a-passion-for-culture, readers would be tempted to conclude that here, finally, was the real Trudeau. As if the man had spent his entire life reading, studying, and trekking through museums, historical sites, and theatres and could never have found time for any other activities, such as sports . . .
We could have chosen instead to write about Trudeau-the-daredevil-adventurer, who criss-crossed Asia with a backpack for nearly a year and had many thrilling adventures, including a few short stays in jail for vagrancy. He could just as easily travel in high style as put up with the shabbiest accommodations. He dined in the finest restaurants of Paris (Maxim’s, La Tour d’Argent, La Pérouse). But he also sometimes slept in run-down hotels, sharing a room with total strangers or even hungry bedbugs! Here was a man eager to witness everything first-hand, to live fully.
He was hungry for challenges. In 1948, while visiting Turkey, he decided to swim across the Bosphorus Strait, which marks the southern boundary of Europe and Asia: “It wasn’t that hard, but it was cold and had a bloody strong current.” In April 1960 at the age of forty-one, he decided to paddle a canoe with two companions from Miami to Cuba – quite a harebrained scheme. Fortunately the trio were rescued midway, when their canoe was on the point of sinking.
One last example. On July 6, 1961, Trudeau was in Pamplona (the capital of Navarre in northern Spain) for the first day of the San Fermin festival. The city becomes one huge fiesta from July 6 to 14, attracting thousands of tourists from around the world. The main event of this festival is the Running of the Bulls (encierro): at 8 o’clock each morning from July 7 to 14, the bulls are let loose in the narrow streets and then run almost one kilometre to the bullring for the afternoon corrida or bullfight. Along the course, daring young participants run just ahead of the bulls. Accidents are common, due to the ferocious nature of bulls and the surge of the crowds. On July 6, Trudeau partied until three in the morning. The city was overrun with tourists, no hotel room was available, and he ended up sleeping on a bench. The following morning, he participated in the Running of the Bulls. Finding the experience electrifying, he came back for a repeat performance two days later. Here was a man with a lust for adventure, someone who lived life to the hilt during his many world travels. No doubt readers of this particular book would take Trudeau-the-daredevil-adventurer for the real Trudeau, as if he lacked the more serious qualities befitting a statesman.
From the Hardcover edition.
Most helpful customer reviews
1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
Excellent and Detailed
By Mike B
This is a very detailed study of Pierre Trudeau during these 21 years. The emphasis throughout is on the political developments and changes within Trudeau and of his surrounding world.
I wish to emphasize the word "detailed". John English wrote two volumes on Trudeau's life; the first volume of about five hundred pages covered 1919 thru 1968. The first two volumes of Max and Monique Nemni go up to 1965 and combined together they amount to over eight hundred pages. In some ways the books of Nemni and English are complimentary. The English biography has more on Trudeau's friendships, particularly with women. In the Nemni volumes we get a much closer picture of Quebec life with its inward political stagnation during the 1940's and 1950's.
The Nemni's write with a great deal of enthusiasm and do an excellent work on making one feel the transitions that Trudeau underwent in his political-philosophical thought processes - first at Harvard, then Paris and in London under the tutelage of Harold Laski at the London School of Economics. When Trudeau studied at Harvard amid the tumult of the final months of the Second World War he began to realize how cloistered his upbringing had been in Quebec. His thinking began to take on a more democratic perspective and moved completely away from his previous nationalist-corporatist philosophy.
The book gives us a first-hand look at the theocratic Quebec state of the era with both Duplessis and the Roman Catholic Church at the helm. They controlled the province as their own fiefdom - there was censorship, education of French Canadians was dominated by the Church, elections were rigged and Duplessis intimidated, psychologically and physically, opponents, particularly unions. Quebec had never embraced democracy like the rest of English Canada.
Trudeau during the 1950's was severely reprimanded by both the clergy and political figures for articles he wrote in "Cite Libre". His journalism lacerated the infringement of the Church on the educational system. It was heretical of him to question the role of the Church in Quebec. Trudeau attacked Quebec's insularity, which was preventing it from becoming a liberal democracy. Only in the 1960's with the death of Duplessis and the ousting of his Union Nationale party did change begin in the province.
The effects of Harvard, Paris and London transformed Trudeau's thinking to the primacy of the individual in society. The role of the state is to protect the rights of the individual from being infringed on by the wider society, from corporations, from the Church and from the state itself. The function of a democratic state is to establish laws for the protection of individual rights. Trudeau's entire life became a campaign against the concept of the nation-state - where the nationality, whether it be race, ethnicity or religion, gives primary meaning to the state. It is why he was so opposed to the separatist-sovereignty movement in Quebec which he viewed as a retrograde nationalist movement whose aim was to re-establish a state similar to that of the Duplessis years. For Trudeau nationalism in any form was antithetical to his world-view - it was an ideology that made the individual subservient to the nation - like Nazism did in Germany. In a federation, such as Canada, several nationalities should be able to flourish. The constitution was there for the individual, not the ethnic grouping. The primary founding languages of Canada, English and French, were to be entrenched in the federal constitution.
The authors attempt successfully, I feel, to remove several myths about Trudeau. From an early age Trudeau saw himself as destined to enter politics. All the courses he took in law, economics and political science in Quebec and elsewhere pointed in that direction. He was not just a dilettante or playboy as many have tried to make him out to be. He was not aimless; he was a person in motion - his thoughts constantly spinning and absorbing new ideas. With his choice of words Trudeau always had a combative personality. He was not afraid to challenge established thought, with individuals in government, religion, or the media. By doing so, he made friends and enemies, sometimes in quick succession. Quebecers found this out very early in the 1950's, English Canada would come to learn more of him in the 1960's.This book by the Nemni's captures the spirit and era of Pierre Elliot Trudeau.
0 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
From theocracy to statism in the blink of an historical eye.
By George H Bindon
This book, and the first volume that preceded it, follow Trudeau's painful intellectual migration from the mixture of medieval obscurantism of pre-revolutionary France frozen in Quebec's incestuous enclave of bitter victimhood, willful ignorance and fascistic racism; to a weird, half grasped mix of vague liberalism and thoughtless socialism. Unfortunately the sympathetic authors, like Trudeau, fail to grasp the deep richness of the democratic, liberal ethos. The silly presumptions they deploy about socialism show that, like that benighted "Belle Province", the path from darkness to light is too strenuous and alien a trip to complete, and they retreat to the comfort of the pack mentality of the traitorous intellectuals Trudeau denounced, but could never really himself transcend. The book is a treasure of detail exposing the depravity of Quebec culture, and the failure of Trudeau in his endeavor to bring light where darkness prevailed.
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